Dental health in childhood directly affects general health, nutrition, speech development, and self-confidence. Tooth decay (dental caries) is the most common chronic disease in children — yet it is largely preventable.

First teeth and care: Primary (baby) teeth begin erupting at 6 months. Clean gums with a damp cloth even before teeth appear. Once teeth erupt, brush twice daily with a rice grain-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste (under 3 years) or pea-sized amount (3–6 years).

First dental visit: Schedule the first dental appointment by age 1 or within 6 months of the first tooth appearing. Early visits establish a dental home and allow preventive care.

Bottle caries: Putting a child to bed with a bottle of milk, formula, juice, or sweetened drinks causes "baby bottle tooth decay." This is one of the most common — and preventable — causes of early childhood caries.

Fluoride: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel. Use age-appropriate fluoride toothpaste. Fluoride varnish applied by a dentist provides additional protection. In areas with low water fluoride, your pediatrician may recommend fluoride supplements.

Diet tips: Limit sugary foods and drinks. Avoid sticky sweets. Serve water between meals. Do not dip pacifiers in honey or sugar. Healthy primary teeth are essential — they hold space for permanent teeth and support proper jaw development.